What it does
Standard antiozonant and antioxidant of the tire industry. Protects against ozone cracking, flex fatigue and heat ageing. Stains; used in black compounds.
Compatible rubbers
NRSBRBRNBRCR
Typical properties
Appearance
Dark purple granulesPurity
≥ 96%Melting point
≥ 45 °C (45–50)Loss on drying
≤ 0.3%Ash
≤ 0.15%Relative density
0.99–1.00P marked values are PubChem literature data (pure substance). Others are typical commercial specifications and vary by producer and grade [TO BE VERIFIED].
Typical dosage
1.0–3.0 phr [TO BE VERIFIED]
FAQ
What is the difference between 6PPD and IPPD?Both are p-phenylenediamine antiozonants. IPPD is a smaller molecule; it migrates quickly and gives strong short-term ozone protection, but is depleted sooner. 6PPD migrates more slowly and gives long-lasting protection; it is the standard of the tire industry.
Why is 6PPD used only in black compounds?Amine antiozonants discolor with light and ozone and stain the compound. They are not used in light-colored products; waxes and non-staining antioxidants are preferred instead.
What is the 6PPD-quinone issue?6PPD-quinone forms when 6PPD reacts with ozone. It has been shown to be toxic to some fish species, so an environmental debate continues about tire wear residues. The search for an alternative antiozonant is ongoing; there is currently no widely used substitute.
Related guides
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Sources: PubChem CID 13101 · General rubber chemistry literature · PubChem page